2. Business actions are not always rational, they are actually rationalized:

The Pandavas were struggling to make any inroads in the battle until Bhishma was in charge of the Kauravas. They realized that the victory was far from reality until Bhishma was at the helm. Though their grandsire couldn’t be killed because of his boon, he can be definitely incapacitated, thus preventing him from further participating in the battle.

They came to know that their grandsire would not take up arms in front of a woman. But women were forbidden from the battle field and the Pandavas were very desperate to find a way out. Finally they found a solution in Shikhandi, whose gender was ambiguous.

Pandavas saw Shikhandi as a man and made him ride on the chariot, while Bhishma saw him as a woman, lowered his bow and fell prey to Arjuna’s arrows.

As the Pandava interpretation seized them the victory, you can say that Shikhandi was a man. But this is not the rational answer; this is actually a rationalized one, since the rational explanation is completely independent of the outcome and exists before the actual event. Rational explanation is true irrespective of the outcome, whereas the rationalized explanations seek out for ways to justify the outcome.

In the business world, people take a decision based on how they perceive the situation, and if it works and bears fruit, they are taken by surprise. But the world at large is rationalized and demands justification.

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